Overview:
SKFJX Single-wheel lapping and polishing machines are versatile precision machines designed to produce lapping / polishing flat surfaces in high degree of flatness of and surface finish with absolute uniformity on all types of hard and soft materials.Best to suit high degree of Flatness & Surface Finish.
SKFJX Single-wheel lapping and polishing machines are used for small to large size work pieces. Production of these parts can be achieved from small quantities to high volume production. All machines are equipped with digital control and monitoring electronics.
Working principle:
The conditioning rings or carriers locate in plate and also rotate freely
The parts kept freely inside conditioning rings or carriers with the surface to be lapped mating the Lapping Plate.
The sharp abrasive particles which are continuously fed on the machine plate get impregnated in the Lapping plate and cut the material from the parts surface and creates replica of the plates flatness on to the same.
DM1200 Single Side Lapping Machine single side lapping machine Xinxiang SKF machinery Co., Ltd. , https://www.facegrindingmachine.com
How will automotive lighting technology, industry and market develop in the future?
Recently, Memes Consulting released "Automotive Lighting: Technology, Industry and Market Trends - 2016 Edition" report that by 2021, new technologies, new features and new features will boost the automotive lighting market to a growth of 27.7 billion US dollars. By increasing the design use and new functions, it will boost the rapid development of the automotive lighting market. It is reported that the LED lamp market is mainly divided into two major parts: Interior and Exterior, and Interior, which refers to the application part of the interior of the car, such as everyone. Well-known dashboards, as well as non-functional lighting such as seat lights, door handle lights, reading lights, etc., this is the main battlefield for domestic companies; and Exterior refers to exterior lighting, especially for headlights, for LEDs The quality requirements are higher. Considering the safety, it needs to pass the certification regulations of the automobile industry, namely AEC-Q101, so it has become an insurmountable difficulty for many domestic enterprises. With the recent integration of LED technology, automotive lighting has evolved from a basic functional feature to an important feature with potentially high added value. In fact, LED technology can help automakers differentiate their products through the design and additional features of lighting systems. This has been widely recognized in the application of automotive exterior lighting systems, and automotive interior lighting has begun to gradually apply LED technology. For example, the LED usage rate in the interior lights and dashboard backlights exceeds 70% and 45%, respectively, and the interior panel has the highest growth. This changing trend has greatly affected the supply chain, and new suppliers and value chains have emerged. In 2015, the global automotive lighting market grew by 5.4% compared to 2014, with a total volume approaching $22.4 billion. Market growth is driven by an increase in the number of lighting systems per vehicle and an increasing number of LED-based vehicle headlight system applications. In fact, headlights and daytime running lights (DRL) systems accounted for 43% and 28% of total revenue in 2015, respectively, and other lighting systems (such as combined taillights, central high-signal lights, interior lighting and turn signals) accounted for 2015 revenue. The rest: 29%. The automotive lighting market will continue to grow. It is expected to grow by 23.7% compared to 2015, and the total market will reach approximately US$27.7 billion. The driving force for growth is derived from: - Short-term: LED technology for various automotive lighting applications and Increased penetration of the system and an increase in the number of lighting systems per vehicle; - Medium to long term: potential integrated applications of new lighting technologies such as OLED and laser technology, advanced front lamp system development and other safety function applications, and automotive lighting already Developed into a novel design feature. 2015-2021 Automotive lighting market scale The front lighting system technology and supply chain are undergoing profound changes. LED light sources are not used in automobiles. However, most of the previous applications were limited to taillights, fog lamps, etc. The life is greatly limited. In addition, since the LED light source has a strong directivity, it has not been applied to the headlights. The integration of new lighting technologies is transforming the front lighting system and its applications, providing more flexible design, higher efficiency and new features. LED technology is rapidly gaining popularity due to its lower cost and higher performance (such as efficiency, brightness, package size). Automotive lighting technology development trend chart - main development trend of headlights (LED, laser and OLED technology) For example, in 2008, the full LED headlights achieved the first commercial application, appeared on the V10 model of the luxury car Audi R8, and gradually applied in 2012. In the C-class sedan market, it has now been commercialized in emerging markets. Today, almost all automotive lighting Tier 1 suppliers have developed full LED headlamp systems. The LED light source package is small in size, but with high luminous efficiency and brightness, enabling many new designs for better beam control. However, a major obstacle to the rapid development of LED headlights is the cost issue. The data shows that as an alternative to using LEDs in headlights: incandescent bulbs, halogen bulbs or HID xenon bulbs. The equivalent performance of LEDs is comparable to that of halogen headlights (originally introduced in Europe in 1962, but was not used in the United States until 1978), and is 100% higher and 1.5 times higher than HID Xenon bulbs (compared to A lower performance halogen alternative that achieves comparable performance to HID Xenon headlamps requires a much more expensive LED solution). Laser and OLED light sources that are causing intense curiosity are still emerging technologies - the first commercial vehicle (BMW i8) with laser headlights was released in the fall of 2014; - The first commercial vehicle (BMW M4 GTS) with OLED taillights Released in the fall of 2015; - Audi recently announced the availability of an optional laser high beam in its high-performance R8 line; both offer enhanced lighting. - Laser headlights enable long-distance night vision (up to 600m); - Application of OLED taillights, light source design enables a 2D to 3D transition, taking advantage of the OLED device's own characteristics: thin, bendable and larger Luminous area. (Left) LED low beam, (middle) LED high beam, (right) LED high beam + laser point source However, both technologies have technical and price issues that need to be solved to meet the manufacturer's Reliability and service life requirements. The integration of these new semiconductor and electronic component-based components also makes the system fully electronic (ie solid state lighting + sensor + software) possible, and also expands the development of advanced lighting functions. The main goal of these features is to enable the far and near light modes to be automatically adjusted to the driving environment. Recently, the use of a matrix LED system combined with camera and image processing capabilities has created new lighting features such as adaptive front lighting and glare-free lighting. However, these integrations make the development of these systems more difficult, which requires the development of more new proprietary technologies. In fact, the development of these reliable and dynamically changing systems requires strong expertise in multiple areas such as lighting, thermal management, sensors and data processing.