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This year, the risk of scab in some parts of China is extremely high.
First, the prevention strategy. In accordance with the law of the occurrence of scab, adhere to the classification guidance, regional policy. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the Jianghuai and the southern part of Huanghuai, and other areas of wheat scab, often must adhere to the "active attack" and unwaveringly implement the preventive and control measures in full; the central and northern parts of Huanghuai and the southern wheat areas of northern China must adhere to the "prevention first". Relaxation, once the flowering period is met, such as rainy weather, condensation, and other suitable weather conditions, immediately organize the application of drugs to prevent the occurrence of disease.
Second, prevention and control technology. In order to control the occurrence of scab and reduce the pollution of toxins, it is necessary to spray the drug for prevention in time. First, adhere to the "see flowers and fight drugs, timely prevention and treatment." From the beginning of wheat to the early stage of flowering, it is a good period to prevent and control the damage of wheat scab. "Seeing flowers and fighting drugs" can achieve twice the result with half the effort. If there is continuous weather such as rainy weather, large area condensation and smog, it should be sprayed again after 5-7 days of sub-drugs, and the combination of pre-rain prevention and post-rain control should be implemented. The second is to adhere to the "scientific drug selection and rotation of drugs." Priority is given to the formulation of rain-resistant scouring to ensure the effect of drug use; for the field requiring secondary drug use, it is recommended to rotate the use of different types of agents to prevent drug resistance. Especially in areas where carbendazim resistance is a problem, it is recommended to use triazole drugs such as cymene and tebuconazole and their compound preparations to ensure the prevention and control effect and reduce the risk of toxin contamination. The third is to insist on "strengthening the field management and improving the environment." It is necessary to strengthen field management, scientifically manage fertilizer and water, prevent plant population from becoming too large, and improve ventilation and light transmission conditions; timely clearing the ditch, reducing field humidity, and avoiding the formation of environmental conditions suitable for disease prevalence, so as to reduce the risk of disease epidemics.
In addition, focusing on the prevention and control of scab, taking into account the prevention and control of major pests and diseases in wheat spikes such as powdery mildew, aphids and armyworms. At the same time, adhere to the combination of prevention and treatment of pests and control and prevention of aging, classification guidance, scientific prevention and control, mixed fertilizers, and grain weight gain.
Third, the prevention and treatment methods. It is necessary to adapt to the characteristics of timeliness of prevention and control of wheat scab, give full play to the role of administrative promotion and the role of specialized prevention and control organizations, adhere to the unified organization and mobilization, unify technical programs, unify the supply of drugs, and uniformly apply the time for drug control. "Five unification", to achieve a combination of professional and unified defense and group defense and group control, combined with conventional prevention and emergency prevention and control, to improve the degree of prevention and control organization.
Fourth, safeguard measures. The first is to strengthen the organization and ensure that the responsibility for prevention and control is in place. The agricultural departments at all levels should fully understand the great significance of prevention and control of wheat scab, strengthen organizational leadership, refine the work plan, arrange deployment as soon as possible, implement responsibility at all levels, strengthen supervision and inspection, and ensure that preventive and control measures are in place. The second is to strengthen monitoring and investigation to ensure that forecast warnings are in place. On the basis of strengthening monitoring and investigation, accurately grasping the condition of the seedlings and the condition, the plant protection organizations at all levels actively communicated with the meteorological department, closely monitored the weather changes, timely analyzed the prevailing situation of the meeting, accurately released the forecast and warning information, and clearly defined the key prevention and control areas. Prevention and control time, scientific guidance and prevention actions. The third is to strengthen guidance services to ensure that prevention and control technology is in place. It is necessary to make full use of the media such as radio, television, newspapers and periodicals, as well as holding on-site meetings and distributing clear papers to publicize the importance of prevention and control of scab. During the key period of prevention and control, the company dispatched technically capable troops into the village to enter the household, pack tablets, and popularize prevention and control technology and knowledge of safe medication, and timely guide farmers to prevent and control. The fourth is to strengthen the rule of defense and ensure that the effect of prevention and control is in place. In combination with the implementation of wheat "one spray three prevention" and major pest control and prevention projects, and actively strive for local finance to increase investment, give full play to the role of specialized prevention and treatment organizations, vigorously promote professional control, and comprehensively improve the prevention and control effects, Efficiency and effectiveness.
(Wheat Industry Technology System Expert National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
This year, the risk of scab in some parts of China is extremely high.
[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] In mid-to-late April, all parts of the country entered the critical period of prevention and control of wheat scab. Affected by various factors such as climate anomalies, lack of resistant varieties and changes in farming systems, scab has been aggravated in recent years, seriously threatening the stable development of wheat production and the quality and safety of wheat products. According to the analysis of experts, it is expected that the risk of wheat scab in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the middle of the Yangtze River, Jianghuai and Huanghuai will be extremely high. In order to effectively control the damage caused by scab, the following technical guidance is proposed.