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Coalbed methane is a flammable gas adsorbed in coal seams, also known as unconventional natural gas. Its main component, methane, is a greenhouse gas, and methane and carbon dioxide together warm the earth's climate. Scientists believe that the greenhouse effect of methane is at least 20 times that of carbon dioxide.
In the coal mine production process, the coalbed methane mixed with air must be pumped away. Otherwise, static electricity or metal friction in the underground will cause gas explosion, which poses a serious threat to the life of the miners and the safety of the mine.
Yang Kejian, a Chinese cryogenic freezing expert, and his key technology group of the Low Temperature System of the Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have invented a cryogenic separation system to separate high-purity methane from coalbed methane. This cleverly designed industrial installation is like a huge "refrigerator" that "freezes" coalbed methane and uses the different physical properties of methane, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen in coalbed methane to separate them into different "preservation cabinets". "In, for people to use.
The "oxygenated coalbed methane separation liquefaction industrial plant" developed by them has just been successfully tested in Shanxi Jincheng and Yangquan. The separated methane concentration is over 99%, which is a non-polluting energy source that can directly supply users.
Yang Kejian, a researcher at the Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua News Agency on the 25th: "Separating methane from coalbed methane and liquefying it will not only alleviate the increasingly serious contradiction between supply and demand of energy products, but also reduce mixing. Coal mine gas explosions caused by coalbed methane; more importantly, this technology has significant significance for energy conservation and emission reduction."
As a clean energy source, coalbed methane has the same calorific value as natural gas. China's coalbed methane reserves rank first in the world, and the total amount is about three times that of the United States. China's CBM development is rare, and there are fewer industrial applications. According to statistics, coal mine methane emissions from coal mines in China each year account for one-third of the total coal-bed methane emissions from coal mining worldwide.
Yangquan Coal Industry Group, one of China's 13 large coal bases, is currently the largest coal mine gas drainage unit in China, accounting for about one-fifth of the country's total pumping capacity. Although the Yangmei Group has already begun to extract and utilize coalbed methane, a large amount of coalbed methane is still not treated and is directly discharged into the atmosphere.
Zhang Wu, a senior engineer responsible for the construction and commissioning of the "oxygenated coalbed methane separation liquefaction plant", said: "Compared with other methods that have been developed, the purity of methane obtained by this scheme is the highest. Because the separation process is under low and low temperature conditions. Carrying out, greatly Reducing the chance of burning and explosion."
This new technology has applied for a national invention patent last year. At present, an oxygen-containing coalbed methane liquefaction separation unit with an annual output of 20,000 tons of liquefied natural gas is in the pipeline. Experts estimate that after industrialization, the factory cost per standard cubic meter of LNG products is about 1.5 yuan, while the price of civil natural gas in China's NTU is mostly more than 2 yuan.
Successful development of oxygenated coalbed methane separation liquefaction industrial plant
There are many chimneys scattered on the edge of the mine in the Sihe mining area of ​​Shanxi Jincheng Coal Industry Group. These chimneys, about 1 meter in diameter and 10 meters in height, discharge coalbed methane from the mines into the atmosphere day after day.