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How to grasp the key factors to choose charge pump products
The white LED driver market is experiencing significant growth, with chip manufacturers competing fiercely to stand out. To do so, they are pushing the development of advanced charge pump solutions that can deliver higher backlight power, meeting the growing demands of larger and more complex color displays in portable and wireless devices. Additionally, manufacturers are emphasizing the importance of matching LED chips with backlights to achieve optimal brightness performance. However, for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), the main challenge lies in improving the efficiency of switched-capacitor (charge-pump) power supplies, as well as optimizing boost converters to ensure balanced performance.
Charge pumps are commonly used to drive LEDs connected in parallel, while boost converters are typically preferred for driving LEDs in series or in a combination of series and parallel configurations. One of the key advantages of charge pump devices is their compact size, making them a popular choice among large OEMs. Beyond their versatility across different applications, another reason for their popularity is the perception that inductor-based power supplies may cause serious EMI (electromagnetic interference) issues. However, recent advancements in charge pump topologies have made them more efficient and widely adopted, with differences between chips often being subtle improvements tailored for specific use cases.
Tony Armstrong, product sales manager at Linear Technology's Power Division, highlighted the evolving requirements in device design: "Today’s devices must feature both a primary and secondary display, along with at least one RGB display for backlighting." He pointed out that the company recently launched the LTC3206, a charge pump designed to meet these growing demands. He also noted that current accuracy—how closely the actual LED current matches the expected value—is a critical factor, but even more challenging is the issue of current matching between LEDs. While some customers are satisfied with 10% current accuracy, others express concerns over matching accuracy, where the maximum difference between any two LED current sources can exceed 5%.
In addition, Armstrong mentioned an often-overlooked aspect: overall system efficiency, particularly how much of the battery’s power is directly used versus what is consumed during the charge pump’s operation in 1.5x or 2x mode when the voltage begins to drop. These factors are becoming increasingly important as device designers strive to balance performance, power consumption, and space constraints.